Although the education sector has been a fast-growing sector in Pakistan, it has been facing various challenges including the lack of effective leadership styles and teachers' organizational commitment. The purpose of this quantitative study is to investigate the impact of Principals' transformational leadership style on teachers' organizational commitment at higher education level in Karachi, Pakistan. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ Form 5X) developed by Bass and Avolio and Organizational Commitment Survey (OCS) developed by Meyer and Allen were used as research instruments to collect the data for the study. The survey method and stratified random sampling technique were used to collect [...]

Civil society is often considered a western construct with little meaning and application in the eastern societies. To many western writers, the western civil societies emerging in eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were harbingers of social development in Europe and America by promoting social welfare and education services in those regions. On the contrary, the masses in the eastern societies were thought to be illiterate and backward until the advent of the European colonial governments. However, history bears the evidence that education has been one primary goal of voluntary human associations in Indian Subcontinent since the ancient times. In this region [...]

The paper reflects on my personal learning experiences as a postgraduate online distance learner on the use of two contemporary ICT tools, i.e., Asynchronous Discussion Forum (ADF) and CompendiumLD (CLD). The paper opens with an overview on the use of ADF and CLD. I then reflected on my personal learning experiences on the subject matter through personal narrative method. Finally, I have suggested, how tutors can utilize these technologies to maximize learners' participation in online learning environment. ADF has nurtured critical thinking, questioning, writing and problem-solving skills. It has further optimized my online participation. Whereas, CLD has equipped me [...]

Pakistan's unemployment rate among individuals with higher education has increased rapidly in recent years. However, very little research is conducted so far on this phenomenon in Pakistan. This paper investigates the effect of higher education attainment on unemployment rate in urban and rural areas of Pakistan. Data of 10 years is taken from Labor Force Survey (LFS) for four provinces. Regression analysis is conducted to examine the data. The evidence suggests a strong positive relationship between population with higher levels of education (HE) and their unemployment rate. That is, with the increase in HE population there is greater increase in [...]

Education in early years is becoming challenging to inculcate the best practices with specific support and demand to meet the global initiatives (Beckley, 2011). In this regard, teaching through technology plays a significant role if it is connected with relevant learning experiences (Willis, Weiser & Kirkwood, 2014). The students are exposed to a technologically rich environment through positive and consistent patterns in their learning experiences, it helps them in their cognitive development. Within the context of Pakistan, one thing commonly observed is the misuse of technology and lack of guidance provided by their parents to the young children. This study [...]

Pakistan has been under security threats since her inception, however, the challenges it is facing today is unique in nature. Intolerance in society has given birth to social conflict, uprising of extremism, militancy and terrorism. The causes of psychological and emotional imbalance may be social injustice or psychological warfare. Institutions fighting to counter the threat are prime victims facing heavy casualty both in terms of men and material. At the initial level of this qualitative research, etiology of increasing intolerance, conflict and violence are examined with evidence from behavior of the inhabitants whereas in later part, the corollary is discussed [...]

English is used in many parts of the world as a second or third language. The learners develop the skills of English in order to enhance opportunities for employment, higher quality education, and a good lifestyle. The purpose of this paper is to analytically review and point out the strengths and weaknesses of B.COM final term examination paper of English with special emphasis to Reading Comprehension through the framework of educational objective provided by Bloom's Taxonomy. Moreover, it provides assistance to the competitive authorities in improving their methodology of teaching of English Reading Comprehension and preparing the final term [...]

Over the last few decades quality of education has been given special attention in the academic world. After many reforms and efforts, Pakistan still lags in providing quality education. However, some private school systems are making good efforts in providing quality education and that too at affordable fees. The Trust School is one of this kind and in a short span of time it has achieved a significant position among quality driven schools. The purpose of this research was to study the quality of education provided by The Trust School in detail. For that, the researchers took case study design [...]

Programming has been a challenging subject for computer science students. A programmer must have strong analytical and reasoning skills to program effectively. In order to inculcate such skills, instructor must prepare their lectures accordingly and employ several novel techniques to develop analytical and problem solving skills into the students. Despite the strong need, there have not been any studies to identify the major challenges faced by programming students. Such a study can help instructor in development of appropriate materials and planning of lectures accordingly. To fulfill this gap, this work performs a survey of 57 students who just completed their [...]

Research is getting enormously important to compete with rival institutes for ranking, financial funding, students enrollment. However, there still exist numerous gaps in our understanding of creating a knowledge generating environment that will produce superior quality research. With the initiation of web 2.0 technology, a model of social networking sites has become increasingly famous. With ever increasing popularity, these social media have been used by researchers and academicians as well to enrich the learning outcome and academic performance. However, OSNS have been a debatable topic in academia with its impact on the academic performance of the students. In this [...]

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting investment in education at household level in Pakistan. The study utilizes household-level data from Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurements survey. The findings show that household income, educational awareness, age and gender of household head, number of school going children, area and province of residence are the key determinants of household investment in education in Pakistan. There exists an inverted U-shaped relationship between investment in education and household total income confirming Engle's law for education expenditure in Pakistan. More importantly, household-level educational awareness has important implications for inter-generational educational [...]

The study focused on tracing the language development of students in a functional English course through the initiation of a diagnostic test. The diagnostic test aided the designing of classroom instruction together with the development of online language tasks as support activities. The post-test taken after an intervention of eight weeks, revealed that the weekly online language tasks helped improve the language skills of students and made them autonomous learners. A mixed method approach was used where the scores of students were analysed quantitatively, however, semi-structured interviews were taken to mark the satisfaction level with online language activities. The study [...]